Composite block.



S. J. ANDERSON.

COMPOSITE BLOCK APPLICATION FILED SEPT Patented Manz, 1915.

` cifically claimed.

edges* and scarred on their surfaces.

STEPHEN J; ANDERsoN, 0E HARVEY, ILLINOIS.

COMPOSITE BLOCK. v

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar, 23, 1915.

Application mea' september ao, 1914. 'seriarNa 864,277.

Beit known that I, STEPHEN J. ANDERSON, a' citizen of the United States,residmg at v Harvey, in thecounty'of'Cook and State of- Illinoishaveinvented certain new and usewalls,l and particularly` the walls ofbuildings, andy it.consists incertain peculiarities of the construction,novel arrangement and operation of the parts thereof, as well as in themethod of producing the blocks, as will be hereinafter more fully setforthand spe- As is well known, the ordinary commercial tiling or'terra-cotta blocks usedl extensively for inner walls and for deadeningvin the ceilings and floors of buildings, and sometimes for'outer walls,are more or less defective in shape on account of the manner ofmanufacture and drying of the same, as well as, on account of the roughhandling to which they are subjected, which often causes them'to becomechipped and notched at theIir n other words, when delivered for usetheir walls are found to be warped, and sometimes cracked and to containblow-holes, their edges untrue or out of plumb and notched by piecesbeing broken out of them, and their surfaces so mutilated as to renderthem rough and unsightly. vIn fact, they are in such shapes andconditions that they cannot be used as produced and delivered for anypurpose, except where the roughest kind of material may be employed orwhere 1t 1s hidden, and even then in constructing a wall of them, agreat deal of time, labor and skill, as well as material, such asmortar, is

required to produce a firm and stable wall with true or plumb lines.

It is the principal object of my invention to utilize the ordinarycommercial tile blocks, with all their roughness, unevenness, gaps anddefects in; producing composite building blocks, with finished faces,true line ends or edges,to the end', that a wall with a finished surfaceor surfaces, may be built up out of the blocks, in such a way, that theywill lit so closely together and in such a true and uniform manner'thatlittle or no mortar will be required therebetween, and the seams will I.hardly be discernible, thus affording a face or faces to the wall, that'will not require plastering, (unless desired), for inner walls. 'l'hespaces or seams betweenthe blocks may be filled with putty'or othersuitable' plastic material after the wall has been completed, and thenthe surface can be painted, calcimined or papered, in either of whichcases'a smooth finished surface will be presented whlch mayy beotherwise -ornamented if desired.

In referring to the accompanying draw ing, which illustrates anembodiment of the lnventlon Figure 1 is a perspective View of a"characteristic type of a tile block, such as is u sed commercially; Fig.2 isv a perspective view of a composite block embodying my invention;Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, lookingin the direction indicated by the arrows; Fig. t is a similar view takenon line 4.-4' of Fig. 2 'as indicated by the arrows; Fig. 5 is a similarsectional view, showing the method of making the composite block andillustrating itin a mold provided with' a core for the purpose of givingthe desired construction to the block; and Fig. 6 is a perspective Viewof a portion of a Wall for a building or other structure in the act ofbeing built up out of my improved blocks.

Like numerals of reference refer to corre` sponding parts throughout thedifferent views of the drawing.

The reference numeral l0 designates as a whole an ordinary tile block,such as are usually made of terra-cotta, and in Fig. 1 the said block isdepicted as being defective and possessing blow-holes, cracks or gaps,and warped or uneven surfaces as is common in commercial tiling blocks.While the defects and imperfections of the tiling blocks render themuseless for finished work,

yet such defects are advantageous when they are employed in theconstruction of composite blocks involving my inventiomas will bereadily understood from the following explanation: By reason of theuneven lines of the ends and sides of the block 10, it is obvious thatthey cannot be placed so as to form a plumb wall without the use lof aconsiderable amount of mortar or plastic material between them, andwithout the eX-l penditure` of a great deal of care and skill by theoperator in placing them in position. In order to produce blocks of truegeometrical lines, in which 'the commercial tiling blocks are employed,I take for example one of said blocks and place it in a mold 11,

which is somewhat Athicker than the tile block, as shown in Fig. 5, sothat said block may rest against or approximate one of the side walls ofthe mold 11, yet have its other side located at a slight distance fromthe opposite side of the mold. When so placed the lower end lof theblock 10- will rest on the base 12 of the mold, while the upper end ofthe block 10 will be disposed a slight distance below'the upper end ofthe rnold. .A core consisting of a stem 13, havmg on 1ts lower end abase 14, which rests on the botv tom 12 of thenol'd,d and at its upperend a head 15 upwardly tapered from three of its surfaces, is thenplaced in each of the vertical openings 16 of the tile block. ll thentake a' Aquantity of facing material, which is by preference composed ofabout four parts of sand and one partv of cement, which have y. beenthoroughly mixed together, and sllghtly moistened, and place the same inthe space between the tile block 10 and the moldlll, and tampthelmaterial until itl is packed closely7 in said space around one faceof the tileblock, .and at each of the sides thereof, as will beunderstood by reference to Fig. 2 of the drawing. The facing material isalso placed on top of the tile block and around the head 15 ofthe coresand there' tamped, after whichthe materialis cut .off or removed with astraight edged instrument or tool passedhorizontally over the upper endof the mold 11, whichoper'ation will give to the composite block theform shown in 1- extends into the tile block 10 and adheres closelythereto, and when set practically-I i forms an integral part of the tileblock` and the same can be said of the facing 17 on one ofthe surfacesof said block. As the walls of the' openings 19 are inclined downwardlyand toward the walls of the cavitiesof the tilek block, it is evidentthat they will greatly reinforce .said block at its upper ortion, andthat the openings 19 will perthrough that end of the block which'` hasv"'t of the; passage of air through the dierincense ent blocks', thus.preventing moisture passing through the same.

' By providing the front or outer surface 17 of each block with alateral extension 20 at each o'f its sides, which extensions arecoextensive. with the facing 17, it is obvious that whenthe blocks areplaced in the positions shown in Fig. 6, spaces 21 will be providedbetween the meeting edges of the blocks, which, when lilled withconcrete or other suitable plastic material, will forin pilasters togive additional strength to the structure, and also to provide means atthe.

upper end of the wall on which the beams of the ceiling 'may be mounted.

ln constructing a wall out ofthe blocks, the latter are so placed as tobreak joints, as s'hown in Fig. 6, in which arrangement it will beunderstood that the openings 16 of the upper blocks will havecommunication through the .openings 19 in the lower blocks with theopenings or 4cavities 16 of the latter, so that a free circulation ofair may be maintained throughout the' series of hollow blocks. In Fig. 6the wall is shown as being composed of two spaced apart walls of thecompleted .composite blocks, and it will be understood that the spacebetween the adjacent surfaces of said blocks may be filled with concreteas the building of the walls progress, and that portions of saidconcrete will enter the recesses 21 and form pilasters or uprightsupports, as, above mentioned.

Having thus fully described my invention what l claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is 1. A composite block consisting of ahollou7 block and finishing material applied to one face and to one endthereof, a portion of said material applied to the end of the blockbeingextended into the cavity thereof and provided with an openinghaving the inner faces of walls thereof downwardly 'and loutwardlyinclined. l

2, A composite block consisting of a hol- Tlow block having its cavitydivided into compartments and finishing material applied to one face andto one end of the block, a portion of said material applied to the endof the block being extended into each of said compartments and each ofsaid extended portions provided with an opening having the inner facesof walls thereof downwardly and outwardly inclined, that portion of thematerial applied to the face of the block having at each of its sideedges a lateral extension.

d srnrnnu J. anniaiason.v

Witnesses: i I

CHAsf'. C. TILLMAN, A. PHILLIPS.

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